Black Ram (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi)

Common Name

Black Ram, Dark Ram, Black German Ram

Origin and Habitat

The Black Ram is a selectively bred color variety of the German Blue Ram, a species native to the Orinoco River basin in Venezuela and Colombia. In the wild, rams inhabit slow-moving tributaries and shallow floodplains rich in vegetation. These environments feature soft sandy substrates, leaf litter, and warm, still water with minimal current. The dense plant growth and fallen branches provide ideal shelter and feeding areas for these small, curious cichlids.

Temperature and Water Conditions

Black Rams prefer stable tropical conditions between 80–84°F (26–29°C). They thrive in soft, slightly acidic water with a pH range of 5.0–7.0 and low hardness. Consistency is key for this species, as sudden temperature or pH shifts can cause stress. A well-cycled aquarium with frequent small water changes ensures their long-term health.

Appearance and Size

This color morph showcases a deep, velvety black body that shimmers subtly under aquarium lighting. Blue and purple highlights may appear along the fins, and their red eyes create a bold contrast. Males typically grow larger and develop extended dorsal and anal fins, while females are smaller and rounder with a slightly pinkish belly. Adult size averages 2.5 inches (6 cm).

Diet in the Wild

In nature, rams are micro-predators that feed on insect larvae, small worms, crustaceans, and other tiny invertebrates found among submerged plants and detritus.

Feeding in Captivity

In the aquarium, offer a balanced mix of high-quality micro pellets, frozen or live bloodworms, daphnia, and brine shrimp. Supplement their diet with occasional vegetable-based flakes or color-enhancing foods to maintain vibrancy. Variety encourages natural feeding behavior and supports breeding health.

Behavior and Tank Setup

Black Rams are peaceful and pair well with other calm community fish. They may become territorial during breeding but rarely aggressive. A 20-gallon or larger planted tank is ideal, with fine sand substrate, driftwood, rocks, and broad-leaved plants like Amazon swords for cover. They appreciate gentle flow and slightly subdued lighting. Ideal tankmates include tetras, Corydoras, and small peaceful species.

Breeding

Rams are substrate spawners that form monogamous pairs. When ready to breed, the pair cleans a flat surface such as a rock or leaf for egg deposition. Spawning is often triggered by warm water and increased feeding with live or frozen foods. Both parents guard the eggs and fan them for oxygenation. Once hatched, fry can be fed with infusoria or freshly hatched brine shrimp. Consistent water quality is vital for successful rearing.

Quick Facts

Scientific Name: Mikrogeophagus ramirezi
Origin: Venezuela and Colombia (Orinoco River basin)
Maximum Size: 2.5 inches (6 cm)
Temperature: 80–84°F (26–29°C)
pH Range: 5.0–7.0
Temperament: Peaceful, mildly territorial when breeding
Diet: Omnivore, micro-predator
Breeding Type: Substrate spawner
Tank Size: 20 gallons or larger

Tropical Fish Co. Notes

The Black Ram is one of those fish that instantly draws attention with its rich, midnight coloration and calm, graceful presence. It’s a great choice for aquarists who love observing behavior and personality rather than constant motion. A pair in a planted aquarium can become the centerpiece of a peaceful community tank. For best results, keep water pristine, feed varied foods, and enjoy watching these elegant little cichlids display their courtship dances and parental care.